Origin of Rome and the Vatican's deep entanglement of the hybrid, in fact very difficult to say where.
After the Roman Republic during the period from monarchy and then to Empire, not only the European imperial system was generally recognized, its supreme religious status is also holy. AD 250, 253 and 303 ~ 305, Emperor Diocletian and several other brutal persecution of Christians had three. While resisting the persecution of religious believers and that "if someone strikes you on the other cheek, you are even turning to his right cheek to play" idea, the calendar will gradually turn to the AD 313, was impressed by the generation of the Christian emperors is in the name of the emperor Constantine issued the "Edict of Milan", recognizes the legitimacy of Christianity; 321, Constantine I will be donated to the Church of Rome La Tuolan Palace - This is the Bishop of Rome began to own property. 392 - Rome, already the time of moving the capital to Byzantium and renamed Constantinople, and was brewing empire into what should be the eve of the Roman Empire, Tiaoduoxi emperor solemnly Imperial Christianity the state religion of the Empire. Christian was finally about to upgrade from a town to the temple of rivers and lakes above the spiritual level as a control factor or the adjustment tool, combined with the imperial regime, the social groups involved in lead and rule.
AD 395 Roman Empire divided into the Western Roman Empire and East Roman Empire (also known as the Byzantine Empire) after the West Rome dynasty soon be to Goths (Germanic predecessor) forces led by a variety of emerging challenges, hard support 81 years of destruction in AD 476. But the regime did not allow the client vs on the Holy See to it being implicated, replacing West Rome ruled the Franks in Western Europe not only does not harm the papal system, the European north of the German King Henry I, son of Otto, but thanks to seek the Holy See for the canonization of his coronation throne, then, a very strange title - "the German nation (also known as the Germanic peoples) Holy Roman Empire" came into being. Visible, relying on powerful forces from the force on the nomadic tribes beat the West Rome high degree of civilization, and to defeat those who did not meet all the aspirations, they are very aware that only recognizes the authority of the Holy See to the maintenance and continuation of "Rome" reputation and tradition - after all, "Rome" imperial system has been interrupted in Western Europe for nearly 400 years.
756, Franks famous Dwarf King Pepin won him to the portion of land in central Italy, including the area around Rome, the Pope sent to Rome, known to history as "Pepin offering the land." Always in the spirit of control will lead and dominated the Pope, from the territorial entity have a "Papal States" has been significantly shape the contours of this, the Roman Catholic pope to continue its leadership in the same time, unwittingly turned into the right to own secular ruler of a country. At that time the Pope's own territory much larger than the Vatican now - up to more than 40,000 square Fangqian Gong Li - than I am now living in Hainan Island are also great.
In this way, the Roman and Byzantine rule, the two churches are still fighting on the right and the appeal, although the parallels in the nature have been tossing back and forth several times, but eventually split into two parts, the Catholic and Orthodox. Catholicism is still in Zhaxiluoma, and is owned by the Byzantine Orthodox Church (and later with the growth of the tsarist forces flee Russia). 1054, the Holy See and the Byzantine "Patriarch" expelled each other each other, "to teach citizenship," so split the further escalation of the East are two sects of God, ice is from fire can not be with the furnace, the owner believers, no longer attached to each other.
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